Vediamo Logical Link
Vediamo Logical Link

Can Vediamo Read And Clear Fault Codes From Non-Daimler Modules?

Can Vediamo read and clear fault codes from non-Daimler modules sharing the bus? Yes, it can, potentially enhancing your diagnostic capabilities. DTS-MONACO.EDU.VN offers comprehensive insights into Vediamo’s capabilities and limitations, especially when dealing with non-Daimler modules, ensuring you get the most out of your diagnostic processes. Explore the possibilities of cross-brand diagnostics, ECU reprogramming, and advanced vehicle customization.

Contents

1. What Are Vediamo’s Capabilities With Non-Daimler Modules?

Vediamo is a powerful diagnostic and engineering software primarily used for Daimler vehicles, but its capabilities can extend to non-Daimler modules under specific conditions. Vediamo can indeed read and clear fault codes from non-Daimler modules that share the bus, provided certain criteria are met. These criteria largely revolve around the existence of compatible diagnostic data and the communication protocols supported by both Vediamo and the target module.

1.1 CBF (Central Diagnostic Base) Files

CBF files are essential for Vediamo to communicate effectively with any module. They contain the necessary diagnostic data, including fault code definitions, diagnostic routines, and parameter identifications.

  • Availability: If a CBF file exists for a specific non-Daimler module, Vediamo can access and interpret the module’s diagnostic data, including reading and clearing fault codes.
  • Creation: Creating a CBF file for a non-Daimler module requires in-depth knowledge of the module’s communication protocols and data structures. This is a complex process usually undertaken by experienced engineers.
  • Functionality: With the appropriate CBF file, Vediamo’s diagnostic functions, such as reading fault memory, clearing codes, and accessing live data, can be utilized for the non-Daimler module.

1.2 Generic OBD (On-Board Diagnostics) Pass-Through

OBD pass-through allows Vediamo to communicate with modules using standard OBD protocols, enabling basic diagnostic functions for a wide range of vehicles, including non-Daimler ones.

  • Standardization: Generic OBD pass-through relies on standardized diagnostic protocols (e.g., SAE J1979) that define how diagnostic information is requested and provided.
  • Limitations: The functionality is limited to basic diagnostic functions such as reading and clearing emission-related fault codes and accessing a limited set of live data parameters.
  • Compatibility: This method can be particularly useful when a specific CBF file for a non-Daimler module is unavailable, but basic diagnostic information is still needed.

1.3 Factors Affecting Module Compatibility

Several factors can affect the extent to which Vediamo can interact with non-Daimler modules:

  • Communication Protocol: The module must use a communication protocol supported by Vediamo (e.g., CAN, K-Line).
  • Diagnostic Implementation: The module’s diagnostic implementation must align with standards that Vediamo can interpret.
  • Gateway Architecture: The vehicle’s gateway architecture can restrict access to certain modules, particularly if they are on a separate bus or require specific security access.

2. How To Read And Clear Fault Codes From Non-Daimler Modules Using Vediamo?

To read and clear fault codes from non-Daimler modules using Vediamo, follow these detailed steps. This process assumes you have Vediamo installed and properly configured.

2.1 Prerequisites

  • Vediamo Software: Ensure Vediamo is correctly installed on your computer.
  • Diagnostic Interface: Use a compatible diagnostic interface (e.g., a multiplexer that supports Vediamo).
  • Vehicle Connection: Connect the diagnostic interface to the vehicle’s OBD-II port.
  • CBF Files (if applicable): Have the correct CBF files for the non-Daimler module you want to diagnose.
  • Power Supply: Ensure the vehicle has a stable power supply to prevent interruptions during the diagnostic process.

2.2 Step-by-Step Instructions

  1. Launch Vediamo:
    • Open the Vediamo software on your computer.
  2. Create a Workspace:
    • If you don’t have an existing workspace for your vehicle, create a new one by selecting “Create a new workspace”.
    • Name the workspace appropriately.
  3. Select the Appropriate Project:
    • Choose the appropriate project for your vehicle from the list.
  4. Connect to the Vehicle:
    • In the main Vediamo window, establish a connection to the vehicle through your diagnostic interface.
    • Ensure the interface is recognized and properly configured in Vediamo’s settings.
  5. Identify the Non-Daimler Module:
    • In the list of available modules, locate the non-Daimler module you wish to diagnose. This might require referring to vehicle-specific documentation to identify the module’s name or address.
  6. Load the CBF File (if available):
    • If you have a CBF file for the module, load it into Vediamo. This will allow Vediamo to interpret the module’s diagnostic data correctly.
    • To load the CBF file, navigate to the “File” menu and select “Load CBF.”
    • Browse to the location of the CBF file and select it.
  7. Open a New Tab for the Module:
    • Right-click on the selected module and choose “New Tab for Logical Link.” This opens a dedicated tab for communicating with the module.

Vediamo Logical LinkVediamo Logical Link

Opening a new tab for a module in Vediamo
8. Access Diagnostic Jobs:

  • In the module’s tab, go to the “Diagnostic Services” or “Generic Jobs” section.
  1. Read Fault Memory:
    • Look for a diagnostic job related to reading fault memory. This might be labeled as “Read DTCs,” “Read Fault Codes,” or similar.
    • Select the job and click the “Transmit” button.
  2. Interpret Fault Codes:
    • Vediamo will display a list of fault codes stored in the module’s memory.
    • Each fault code will have a description that helps you understand the nature of the problem.
  3. Clear Fault Codes:
    • To clear the fault codes, look for a diagnostic job labeled “Clear DTCs,” “Clear Fault Codes,” or similar.
    • Select the job and click the “Transmit” button.
    • Vediamo will send a command to the module to clear its fault memory.

Vediamo Security AccessVediamo Security Access

Deactivating the firewall in Vediamo
12. Verify Fault Codes are Cleared:

  • After clearing the fault codes, repeat the “Read Fault Memory” job to verify that the codes have been successfully cleared.
  • If any codes persist, they may indicate an ongoing issue that needs to be addressed.
  1. Generic OBD Pass-Through (if CBF is unavailable):
    • If you don’t have a CBF file for the module, you can attempt to use generic OBD pass-through.
    • In the module’s tab, look for an option to use generic OBD functions.
    • Use the standard OBD functions to read and clear fault codes.
    • Note that the information available through generic OBD pass-through may be limited compared to using a CBF file.
  2. Close the Connection:
    • Once you have completed the diagnostic tasks, close the connection to the module and disconnect the diagnostic interface from the vehicle.

2.3 Additional Tips

  • Documentation: Always refer to the vehicle’s service manual and any available documentation for the non-Daimler module.
  • Backup: Before clearing fault codes, consider backing up the module’s data.
  • Troubleshooting: If you encounter any errors during the process, double-check your connections, settings, and CBF files.
  • Professional Help: If you are unsure about any step, seek assistance from a qualified automotive technician or Vediamo expert.
  • Regular Updates: Keep your Vediamo software and CBF files updated to ensure compatibility with the latest vehicle models and modules.

3. What Are The Limitations Of Vediamo With Non-Daimler Modules?

While Vediamo offers some capabilities for working with non-Daimler modules, it’s important to understand its limitations. These limitations arise from the software’s primary design focus and the complexities of automotive diagnostic standards.

3.1 Lack Of Native Support

Vediamo is inherently designed for Daimler vehicles. Its database, diagnostic routines, and coding functionalities are optimized for Mercedes-Benz and related brands.

  • Limited CBF Files: The availability of CBF files for non-Daimler modules is limited. Without a specific CBF file, Vediamo’s advanced diagnostic and coding functions cannot be fully utilized.
  • Incomplete Diagnostic Coverage: Even with generic OBD pass-through, the diagnostic information available for non-Daimler modules is often less comprehensive compared to Daimler vehicles.

3.2 Communication Protocol Variations

Different vehicle manufacturers use different communication protocols and diagnostic standards. Vediamo’s support for these varied protocols is not universal.

  • Protocol Incompatibilities: Some non-Daimler modules may use communication protocols that are not fully supported by Vediamo, leading to communication errors or incomplete data retrieval.
  • Diagnostic Service Differences: The implementation of diagnostic services (e.g., reading fault codes, accessing live data) can vary significantly between manufacturers, making it difficult for Vediamo to interpret the data correctly.

3.3 Security Access Restrictions

Modern vehicles often have security measures that restrict access to certain modules and functions. These security measures can prevent Vediamo from communicating with non-Daimler modules.

  • Firewalls: Many non-Daimler vehicles have firewalls that block unauthorized access to critical systems. Vediamo may not be able to bypass these firewalls without specific security keys or access protocols.
  • Secure Gateway Modules: Some vehicles use secure gateway modules to control communication between different parts of the vehicle network. These gateways can prevent Vediamo from accessing certain non-Daimler modules.

3.4 Data Interpretation Challenges

Even when Vediamo can communicate with a non-Daimler module, interpreting the data can be challenging.

  • Fault Code Definitions: Fault code definitions vary between manufacturers. Without a specific CBF file, Vediamo may not be able to accurately interpret the fault codes reported by a non-Daimler module.
  • Parameter Identification: The meaning and scaling of live data parameters can also vary. This makes it difficult to accurately interpret the data and diagnose problems.

3.5 Software And Hardware Limitations

Vediamo itself has limitations that can affect its ability to work with non-Daimler modules.

  • Hardware Compatibility: Vediamo requires a compatible diagnostic interface (e.g., a multiplexer). Not all interfaces are compatible with all vehicle makes and models.
  • Software Bugs: Like any complex software, Vediamo may have bugs or compatibility issues that can affect its performance with non-Daimler modules.

4. What Are The Alternatives To Vediamo For Non-Daimler Diagnostics?

When Vediamo’s capabilities with non-Daimler modules fall short, several alternative diagnostic tools and methods can provide more comprehensive and reliable solutions.

4.1 Multi-Brand Diagnostic Tools

These tools are designed to work with a wide range of vehicle makes and models, offering broader diagnostic coverage than Vediamo.

  • Snap-on Modis/Verus: Snap-on tools are known for their extensive vehicle coverage and advanced diagnostic capabilities. They support a wide range of diagnostic functions, including fault code reading and clearing, live data analysis, and component testing.
  • Autel MaxiSys: Autel MaxiSys tools offer comprehensive diagnostic coverage for a variety of vehicle brands. They feature advanced functions such as ECU programming, coding, and adaptation.
  • Bosch Diagnostic Tools (e.g., KTS series): Bosch diagnostic tools are widely used in the automotive industry. They provide extensive diagnostic coverage and support for various vehicle systems.
  • Launch X431: Launch X431 tools are popular for their broad vehicle coverage and user-friendly interface. They offer a range of diagnostic functions, including fault code reading and clearing, live data analysis, and special functions.

4.2 OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) Diagnostic Tools

OEM tools are designed by the vehicle manufacturers themselves and provide the most comprehensive diagnostic capabilities for their respective brands.

  • GM Tech2/GDS2: These are the OEM diagnostic tools for General Motors vehicles. They offer complete diagnostic coverage and support for ECU programming, coding, and other advanced functions.
  • Ford IDS (Integrated Diagnostic System): Ford IDS is the OEM diagnostic tool for Ford vehicles. It provides comprehensive diagnostic coverage and support for ECU programming, key programming, and other specialized functions.
  • BMW ISTA (Integrated Service Technical Application): BMW ISTA is the OEM diagnostic tool for BMW vehicles. It offers complete diagnostic coverage and support for ECU programming, coding, and diagnostic functions.
  • VAG ODIS (Offboard Diagnostic Information System): VAG ODIS is the OEM diagnostic tool for Volkswagen Audi Group vehicles. It provides comprehensive diagnostic coverage and support for ECU programming, coding, and diagnostic functions.

4.3 Generic OBD-II Scanners

These are basic tools that can read and clear emission-related fault codes from any OBD-II compliant vehicle.

  • Actron CP9690: Actron CP9690 is a popular generic OBD-II scanner that can read and clear fault codes, view live data, and perform basic diagnostic functions.
  • Innova 3100: Innova 3100 is a user-friendly OBD-II scanner that provides fault code definitions and diagnostic information.
  • BlueDriver Bluetooth Professional OBDII Scan Tool: BlueDriver is a Bluetooth-based OBD-II scanner that works with smartphones and tablets. It offers a range of diagnostic functions and vehicle-specific information.

4.4 Diagnostic Software And Databases

Specialized software and databases can provide additional diagnostic information and support for non-Daimler modules.

  • ALLDATA: ALLDATA provides comprehensive repair information, wiring diagrams, and diagnostic procedures for a wide range of vehicles.
  • Mitchell OnDemand5: Mitchell OnDemand5 offers detailed repair information, diagnostic codes, and technical service bulletins for various vehicle makes and models.
  • Identifix Direct-Hit: Identifix Direct-Hit provides access to a database of diagnostic information, repair tips, and confirmed fixes for a wide range of vehicles.

4.5 Consulting With Specialists

For complex diagnostic issues, consulting with experienced automotive technicians or diagnostic specialists can be invaluable.

  • ASE Certified Technicians: ASE certified technicians have demonstrated expertise in automotive diagnostics and repair.
  • Diagnostic Specialists: Diagnostic specialists have advanced training and experience in diagnosing complex vehicle problems.
  • Online Forums And Communities: Online forums and communities can provide a platform for sharing diagnostic information and seeking advice from other technicians.

5. What Are Some Practical Examples Of Using Vediamo With Non-Daimler Modules?

While Vediamo is primarily designed for Daimler vehicles, there are specific scenarios where it can be beneficial for diagnosing and working with non-Daimler modules. Here are some practical examples:

5.1 Reading Fault Codes In A Sprinter Van With Non-Mercedes Components

Scenario: A Sprinter van (typically a Daimler vehicle) has aftermarket components, such as a non-Mercedes-Benz alarm system or entertainment unit.

How Vediamo Can Help:

  • Generic OBD-II Access: Use Vediamo to access the generic OBD-II functions. This allows you to read and clear basic, emission-related fault codes from the aftermarket components.
  • Potential CBF File Support: If a CBF file is available for the specific aftermarket component (though unlikely), Vediamo could provide more detailed diagnostic information.

Steps:

  1. Connect Vediamo to the Sprinter van.
  2. Navigate to the OBD-II diagnostic section.
  3. Read and interpret any fault codes present.
  4. Clear the fault codes if necessary.

5.2 Diagnosing A Trailer Module Connected To A Mercedes-Benz Towing System

Scenario: A trailer module connected to a Mercedes-Benz towing system is causing issues, and you suspect it’s not communicating correctly with the vehicle’s systems.

How Vediamo Can Help:

  • CAN Bus Monitoring: Use Vediamo to monitor the CAN bus communication and see if the trailer module is sending or receiving data.
  • Mercedes-Benz Module Interaction: Check how the Mercedes-Benz modules (e.g., SAM – Signal Acquisition Module) are interacting with the trailer module.

Steps:

  1. Connect Vediamo to the vehicle.
  2. Access the CAN bus monitoring tools.
  3. Filter the data to focus on the trailer module’s communication.
  4. Diagnose any communication issues or errors.

5.3 Reprogramming A Non-Daimler ECU That Communicates Via Standard Protocols

Scenario: You need to reprogram a non-Daimler ECU that communicates via standard protocols, and you want to use Vediamo because you are familiar with its interface.

How Vediamo Can Help:

  • ECU Flashing: If you have the correct CBF file and flash data for the non-Daimler ECU, Vediamo might be used to perform ECU flashing.

Steps:

  1. Obtain the correct CBF file and flash data for the ECU.
  2. Connect Vediamo to the vehicle.
  3. Use Vediamo’s flashing functions to reprogram the ECU.
  4. Verify the successful reprogramming.

5.4 Reading Live Data From An Aftermarket Sensor

Scenario: You’ve installed an aftermarket sensor (e.g., a wideband O2 sensor) that feeds data into the vehicle’s system, and you want to monitor its performance using Vediamo.

How Vediamo Can Help:

  • Generic OBD-II Data: Access generic OBD-II data to see if the sensor’s data is being broadcasted in a standardized format that Vediamo can read.

Steps:

  1. Connect Vediamo to the vehicle.
  2. Access the generic OBD-II live data section.
  3. Look for the sensor’s data in the list of available parameters.
  4. Monitor the sensor’s performance.

5.5 Using Vediamo To Diagnose A Hybrid System With Non-Mercedes Components

Scenario: You’re working on a hybrid vehicle that has some non-Mercedes components in its hybrid system, and you need to diagnose an issue.

How Vediamo Can Help:

  • System-Level Monitoring: Use Vediamo to monitor the overall system behavior and identify any communication issues between the Mercedes-Benz and non-Mercedes components.

Steps:

  1. Connect Vediamo to the vehicle.
  2. Access the system-level diagnostic functions.
  3. Monitor the hybrid system’s performance and identify any issues.

6. What Are The Key Considerations When Working With Non-Daimler Modules?

When using Vediamo with non-Daimler modules, keep these key considerations in mind to ensure safe and effective diagnostics.

6.1 CBF File Availability And Accuracy

The presence and accuracy of CBF files are paramount.

  • Verification: Always verify that the CBF file is specifically designed for the target module. Using an incorrect CBF file can lead to misinterpretations or even damage the module.
  • Source: Obtain CBF files from trusted sources, such as the module manufacturer or reputable automotive data providers.
  • Version Compatibility: Ensure that the CBF file is compatible with the Vediamo software version being used.

6.2 Communication Protocol Compatibility

Confirm that Vediamo supports the communication protocols used by the non-Daimler module.

  • CAN Bus: Most modern modules communicate via CAN bus. Ensure that Vediamo can properly interface with the specific CAN bus implementation used by the module.
  • K-Line, L-Line: Older modules may use K-Line or L-Line protocols. Verify that Vediamo supports these protocols if necessary.
  • SAE Standards: Check if the module adheres to SAE diagnostic standards, such as J1979 (OBD-II) or J2534 (Pass-Thru).

6.3 Security Access And Firewalls

Be aware of security measures that may restrict access to non-Daimler modules.

  • Security Protocols: Modern vehicles often use security protocols to prevent unauthorized access to critical systems. Vediamo may not be able to bypass these protocols without specific security keys or access levels.
  • Firewall Modules: Some vehicles have firewall modules that control communication between different parts of the vehicle network. Ensure that Vediamo can communicate through these firewalls.
  • Bypass Procedures: Research and understand any bypass procedures required to access the module. Incorrectly attempting to bypass security measures can lead to system malfunctions.

6.4 Power Stability

Maintain a stable power supply to prevent interruptions during diagnostic procedures.

  • Battery Condition: Ensure that the vehicle’s battery is in good condition and fully charged.
  • External Power Supply: Use an external power supply to maintain a constant voltage during extended diagnostic sessions, especially when performing ECU programming or coding.
  • Voltage Monitoring: Monitor the vehicle’s voltage during diagnostic procedures to ensure it remains within the specified range.

6.5 Data Backup

Before making any changes, back up the module’s data to prevent data loss.

  • Module Configuration: Save a copy of the module’s current configuration before performing any coding or programming changes.
  • Fault Memory: Record any existing fault codes before clearing them, as they may provide valuable diagnostic information.
  • Backup Tools: Use Vediamo’s built-in backup functions or other diagnostic tools to create a backup of the module’s data.

6.6 Diagnostic Procedures

Follow proper diagnostic procedures to avoid unintended consequences.

  • Vehicle Documentation: Refer to the vehicle’s service manual and any available documentation for the non-Daimler module.
  • Step-by-Step Instructions: Follow step-by-step instructions when performing diagnostic procedures.
  • Verification: Verify the results of each step before proceeding to the next.

6.7 CAN Bus Traffic

Monitor CAN bus traffic to diagnose communication issues.

  • CAN Bus Analyzers: Use CAN bus analyzers to monitor the data being transmitted on the vehicle’s CAN bus.
  • Data Filtering: Filter the data to focus on the communication between the target module and other vehicle systems.
  • Error Detection: Look for communication errors, such as incorrect message IDs, data corruption, or missing messages.

Be aware of any legal and ethical considerations when working with non-Daimler modules.

  • Warranty: Modifying or reprogramming non-Daimler modules may void the vehicle’s warranty.
  • Licensing: Ensure that you have the necessary licenses and permissions to use Vediamo with non-Daimler modules.
  • Data Privacy: Respect data privacy regulations when accessing and storing vehicle data.

7. How Can DTS-MONACO.EDU.VN Help You With Vediamo And Car Coding?

DTS-MONACO.EDU.VN offers a wealth of resources and services to help you master Vediamo and car coding, including support for working with non-Daimler modules. Here’s how:

7.1 Comprehensive Training Courses

  • Basic to Advanced Levels: Whether you’re new to Vediamo or an experienced technician, DTS-MONACO.EDU.VN provides training courses for all skill levels.
  • Practical Exercises: Courses include hands-on exercises and real-world examples to help you apply your knowledge.
  • Certification: Upon completion, you’ll receive a certification that validates your expertise in Vediamo and car coding.

7.2 Extensive Documentation

  • User Manuals: Access detailed user manuals that explain every aspect of Vediamo, from installation to advanced coding techniques.
  • Troubleshooting Guides: Find solutions to common problems and errors encountered while using Vediamo.
  • CBF File Database: Access a comprehensive database of CBF files for various modules, including some non-Daimler modules.

7.3 Expert Technical Support

  • Remote Assistance: Get personalized support from experienced Vediamo experts who can help you troubleshoot issues and answer your questions.
  • Online Forums: Participate in online forums where you can connect with other Vediamo users and share your knowledge.
  • Webinars: Attend webinars led by industry experts who share tips, tricks, and best practices for using Vediamo.

7.4 Software And Hardware Solutions

  • Vediamo Software: Purchase legitimate copies of Vediamo software through DTS-MONACO.EDU.VN.
  • Diagnostic Interfaces: Find compatible diagnostic interfaces that work seamlessly with Vediamo.
  • Coding Tools: Access specialized coding tools that simplify complex coding tasks.

7.5 Community And Networking

  • Online Community: Join a vibrant online community of Vediamo users where you can share your experiences and learn from others.
  • Networking Events: Attend networking events where you can meet industry experts and potential collaborators.
  • Job Opportunities: Find job opportunities in the automotive diagnostics and coding field through DTS-MONACO.EDU.VN’s job board.

7.6 Case Studies And Examples

  • Real-World Examples: Explore case studies and real-world examples of how Vediamo has been used to solve complex diagnostic and coding problems.
  • Step-by-Step Guides: Access step-by-step guides that walk you through specific coding procedures and diagnostic techniques.
  • Video Tutorials: Watch video tutorials that demonstrate how to use Vediamo for various tasks.

8. FAQ: Common Questions About Vediamo And Non-Daimler Modules

Here are some frequently asked questions about using Vediamo with non-Daimler modules:

8.1 Can Vediamo read fault codes from non-Daimler vehicles?

Yes, Vediamo can read fault codes from non-Daimler vehicles if you use generic OBD pass-through or if a compatible CBF file exists for the specific module.

8.2 Is it possible to code non-Daimler ECUs with Vediamo?

Coding non-Daimler ECUs with Vediamo is possible if you have the appropriate CBF files and the ECU communicates using standard protocols supported by Vediamo.

8.3 What is a CBF file, and why is it important?

A CBF (Central Diagnostic Base) file contains the diagnostic data, including fault code definitions and diagnostic routines, necessary for Vediamo to communicate with a specific module.

8.4 How do I find CBF files for non-Daimler modules?

Finding CBF files for non-Daimler modules can be challenging. You can check with the module manufacturer, online forums, or specialized automotive data providers.

A compatible diagnostic interface, such as a multiplexer that supports Vediamo, is required. Ensure the interface is properly configured in Vediamo’s settings.

8.6 Can Vediamo bypass security measures in non-Daimler vehicles?

Vediamo may not be able to bypass security measures in non-Daimler vehicles without specific security keys or access protocols.

8.7 What are the limitations of using generic OBD pass-through?

Generic OBD pass-through provides limited functionality, mainly reading and clearing emission-related fault codes and accessing a limited set of live data parameters.

8.8 How do I update Vediamo software and CBF files?

Keep your Vediamo software and CBF files updated by regularly checking for updates from the software provider or trusted sources.

8.9 Is it safe to use Vediamo for coding and programming?

Using Vediamo for coding and programming can be safe if you follow proper procedures, use accurate CBF files, and maintain a stable power supply. Always back up data before making changes.

8.10 Where can I get training and support for Vediamo?

You can get comprehensive training and support for Vediamo from DTS-MONACO.EDU.VN, which offers courses, documentation, expert support, and a vibrant online community.

In summary, while Vediamo’s primary focus is on Daimler vehicles, it can be used with non-Daimler modules under certain conditions. Generic OBD pass-through allows for basic diagnostic functions, and specific CBF files can enable more advanced capabilities. However, it’s crucial to understand the limitations and follow proper procedures to avoid any issues. For comprehensive training, support, and resources, visit DTS-MONACO.EDU.VN.

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